Pathogenic detection and molecular tracing of a bacillary dysentery outbreak by Shigella sonnei in Huainan city / 中华预防医学杂志

Objective: To understand the virulence gene and drug resistance profile of Shigella sonnei outbreak in Huainan city, and conduct pathogenic traceability analysis. Methods: Water samples and feces related to an infectious diarrhea outbreak in Huainan city in August 2020 were collected for multiple pathogen detection. Virulence gene, drug sensitivity, pulse-field gel electrophoresis and whole genome sequencing of Shigella isolates were analyzed respectively. Results: 38 strains of Shigella sonnei were detected in 56 samples of mucilage feces with a positive rate 67.86%, and all serotypes were Shigella sonnei Phase I. Three strains of Shigella sonnei were detected by fluorescence PCR in the Gram-negative (GN) bacterial enrichment solution of terminal water and well water. Virulence genes were ipaH positive (38), ipaH/ial (31) and ipaH/ial/sen positive (1), respectively. The drug resistance spectrum showed that 9 of 14 antibiotics were 100% resistant, and only imipenem, chloramphenicol, ceftazidime and ciprofloxacin were effective drugs. XbaⅠ restriction enzyme map type of 36 isolates was completely consistent, and the ST type analysis of 3 strains was ST152. Whole genome sequencing and analysis verified that the outbreak was caused by a single clonal group of strains, and revealed that the isolates of the outbreak were clustered into a large cluster with 3 Chinese strains and 1 Korean strain in the database, far away from the strains of other countries. Conclusion: The outbreak is caused by a single clone of Shigella sonnei, which are low virulence strains and have multiple drug resistance.

Efficacy of Dexamethasone intravitreal implant combined with anti-VEGF drug in the treatment of retinal vein occlusion / 国际眼科杂志(Guoji Yanke Zazhi)

AIM: To compare the efficacy and safety of dexamethasone intravitreal implant combined with anti-VEGF drug and anti-VEGF drug monotherapy in the treatment of macular edema secondary to retinal vein occlusion(RVO-ME).METHODS: A total of 133 patients(133 eyes)diagnosed with central retinal vein occlusion(CRVO)or branch vein occlusion(BRVO)secondary to macular edema in the Xiamen Eye Center of Xiamen University from June 2019 to December 2020, including 48 patients with CRVO-ME and 85 patients with BRVO-ME were analyzed. All patients were randomly assigned to monotherapy or combination therapy. The monotherapy group(66 eyes)received a monthly injection of conbercept for consecutive 3mo, followed by monthly follow-up visits; The combination therapy group(67 eyes)received once intravitreal dexamethasone implantation, and conbercept was injected once 1wk later, followed by monthly follow-up visits.All patients in the two treatment groups were evaluated at baseline and every subsequent visit until 6mo after treatment with the best corrected visual acuity(BCVA), macular central retinal thickness(CRT), and injection times of conbercept and ocular and systemic adverse events associated with intravitreal injection therapy were recorded.RESULTS: At 1, 2, 3 and 6mo after treatment, the BCVA and CRT in both groups were significantly improved than before.But there was no significant difference in the improvement of BCVA and CRT(P >0.05). From the initial intravitreal injection to 6mo, the injection times of the monotherapy group and the combination therapy group were 3.56±0.12 and 2.96±0.17 times, respectively. The injection times of the combination therapy group were significantly lower than those of the monotherapy group(P=0.004). Both the incidences of intraocular hypertension and cataract in the combination therapy group were higher than those in the anti-VEGF monotherapy group.CONCLUSION: dexamethasone intravitreal implant combined with anti-VEGF drugs is an effective method for the treatment of RVO-ME, with significantly improved visual acuity and significantly lower CRT; The combined treatment regimen can reduce the times of injections and achieve similar results to anti-VEGF drug monotherapy. However, monitoring of intraocular pressure and cataract progression is required.

Discovery of alkaloids from the leaves of Isatis indigotica Fortune with neuroprotective activity / 中国天然药物

Seven alkaloids including five undescribed ones (1a/1b, 2, 3 and 5) were obtained from the leaves of Isatis indigotica Fortune. Their structures were established by extensive spectroscopic analyses. The absolute configurations of compounds 1a, 1b, 3 and 5 were determined by comparison of the experimental and calculated electronic circular dichroism (ECD) spectra. Subsequently, the neuroprotective effects of all the isolates against H

Effect of Jiajian Fuyuan Huoxuetang Combined with Electroacupuncture on Neurological Rehabilitation After Spinal Cord Injury / 中国实验方剂学杂志

Objective:To observe the effect of Jiajian Fuyuan Huoxuetang combined with electroacupuncture on neurological rehabilitation of patients with spinal cord injury, and to investigate its effect on neurotrophic and inflammatory factors. Method:One hundred and twenty patients were randomly divided into control group (59 cases) and observation group (61 cases) by random number table. Both groups’ patients got monosialotetrahexosylganglioside by intravenous drip for 6 weeks, 200-400 mg/time, 1 time/day.Rat nerve growth factor for injection by intramuscular injection for 4 weeks, 20 μg/time, 1 time/day. Patients in control group additionally got electroacupuncture treatment,and tongluo huatan capsule,3 caps/time,3 time/days. The patients in observation group additionally got Jiajian Fuyuan Huoxuetang combined with electroacupuncture, 1 dose/day. The courses of treatment were 12 weeks in two groups. Scores of degree of spinal cord neurological impairment were graded by using impairment score of American Spinal Injury Association (ASIA). Lower extremity motor ability was discussed by using the walking index of spinal cord injuryⅡ (WISCⅠ Ⅱ) and 10 minutes’ walking time (10 MWT). Before and after treatment, functions of daily life were evaluated by using Barthel index (MBI). Bladder function was also discussed, and levels of brain-derived nerve growth factor in peripheral blood (BDNF), nerve growth factor (NGF), astrogenic calcium binding protein S-100 β (S-100 β), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and interleukin-1β (IL-1β) were also detected. Result:After the treatment, scores of sensory and motor in ASIA scale in observation group were all higher than those in control group (P<0.01). Score of WISCⅠ Ⅱ in observation group was higher than that in control group, and 10 MWT was shorter than that in control group (P<0.01). Times of leakage of urine, urinary incontinence volume and residual urine volume were all less than those in control group, and bladder volume was more than that in control group (P<0.01). Functions of daily life in observation group were better than those in control group (Z=1.967, P<0.05), and the levels of BDNF and NGF were higher than those in control group, while levels of S-100 β, TNF-α and IL-1β were lower than those in control group (P<0.01). Conclusion:On the basis of routine comprehensive rehabilitation therapy of western medicine, Jiajian Fuyuan Huoxuetang combined with electroacupuncture can promote the recovery of nervous function, improve sensory and motor function, improve bladder function and daily living ability, and promote the expression of neurotrophic factors and inhibit inflammatory reaction in neurological rehabilitation for the patients with spinal cord injury.

Molecular mechanism of Cinnamomi Ramulus-Paeoniae Radix Alba drug pair against sepsis based on integrative pharmacology platform of traditional Chinese medicine / 中国中药杂志

Guizhi Decoction is a resolving agent,which is a classic prescription for traditional Chinese medicine. It is effective in the treatment of sepsis in clinical practice. However,due to the complexity of the prescription,its anti-sepsis mechanism is difficult to be clarified. The " Cinnamomi Ramulus-Paeoniae Radix Alba" drug pair,as the classic compatibility for medicinal and medicinal herbs,is the core of Guizhi Decoction. In this study,Cinnamomi Ramulus-Paeoniae Radix Alba drug pair was used as the research object and the molecular mechanism of its treatment of sepsis was investigated by analyzing the chemical compositions with integrative pharmacology platform( TCMIP,http://www.tcmip.cn/),predicting disease target,analyzing gene function and pathway of " Cinnamomi Ramulus-Paeoniae Radix Alba" in treatment of sepsis,and establishing a multi-dimensional network relationship of " Chinese medicine-chemical components-core targets-key pathways". The prediction results of " Cinnamomi Ramulus-Paeoniae Radix Alba" drug pair showed that its anti-sepsis effect was associated with 45 active components,and the active components played an anti-sepsis role through multiple targets and pathways,involving inflammatory targets such as PF4,MyD88,TLR4,BDKRB2,CD14,and NOS3. The sepsis was relieved mainly by regulating Toll like signaling pathway,Fox O signaling pathway,chemokines signaling pathway,thyroid and insulin endocrine signaling pathways and biological processes. This study provides a scientific basis for further development of Cinnamomi Ramulus-Paeoniae Radix Alba drug pair and Guizhi Decoction against sepsis.

Study on monitoring and early warning index system for schistosomiasis in Poyang Lake eco-economic region / 中华疾病控制杂志

Objective To establish a scientific, operational monitoring and early warning index system for schistosomiasis, so as to provide scientific evidence for promoting the scientification and standardization of early warning system in Poyang Lake Eco-economic Region. Methods Two rounds of Delphi experts’ interviews were applied to construct Index system. The weight value of each indicator was determined by the Analytic Hierarchy process and improvable proportionate allocation method. Reliability, validity of index system and the rationality of index weight distribution can be evaluated in site investigation. Results The Index system included 3 first-order indicators, 9 second-order indicators, and 35 third-order indicators. The 3 first-order indicators were endemic status, environmental and social factors, control measures, with the weight value of 0.531 0, 0.101 5 and 0.367 5, respectively. For the 9 second-order indicators, the highest weight value was for Infection status of human and livestock (0.179 5)and the lowest for social factors(0.050 6). During site investigation, the Cronbach’s alpha and spit half reliability of the total index system and three first-order indicators were all over 0.90, the Kendall W coefficient for the data collected in site investigation and Delphi consultation was 0.742 (P=0.018). Conclusions The Monitoring and Early Warning Index System for Schistosomiasis is suitable for the infection status of Poyang Lake Eco-economic region. The reliability and validity of index system are satisfactory, and the indicator weight distribution is rational.

Second-trimester serum IL-1, IL-6, IL-8, TNF-a, CRH levels in prediction of preterm labor / 上海预防医学

[Objective]To determine the relationship between maternal serum IL-1, IL-6, IL-8, TNF-a and CRH levels and preterm labor in asymptomatic women at 24 to 28 weeks' gestation. [Methods] We performed a prospective cohort study from January 2015 to December 2017 for asymptomatic women at 24 to28 weeks' gestation and maternal serum. According to the pregnancy outcome, 100 cases of preterm labor were selected as experimental group and another 100 cases of term labor as control group. The levels of serum IL-1, IL-6, IL-8, TNF-a and CRH were measured by ELISA. The partial membranes of all cases were examined pathologically after labor. [Results] The levels of serum IL-1, IL-6 and IL-8 in preterm labor group were significantly higher than those in the control group (P <0.05). The levels of serum IL-6and IL-8 in preterm labor with chorioamnionitis were significantly higher than those without chorioamnionitis and term labor (P < 0.05). The level of IL-1 in preterm labor without chorioamnionitis was significantly higher than that of term labor (P<0.05). The levels of serum TNF-a and CRH had no difference between the groups (P>0.05). Receiver-operating characteristic curves demonstrated that serum IL-1, IL-6 and IL-8 predicted preterm labor. The area under the curve (AUC) of IL-1 was 0.843. The AUC of IL-6 was0.675 and IL-8 was 0.55. [Conclusion] Maternal serum IL-1, IL-6 and IL-8 in asymptomatic women at24 to 28 weeks' gestation are useful markers for prediction of preterm labor.

Construction of Lentiviral Expression Vector Carrying SOX9 Gene and Its Stable Expression in LNcap Cell / 昆明医科大学学报

Objective To construct the lentiviral expression vector of SOX9 gene and establish a LNcap cell strain with stable expression of SOX9 . Methods SOX9 gene was amplified by PCR and cloned into lentiviral expression vector pLVX-IRES-Puro. pLVX-IRES-FLAG-SOX9 recombinant plasmid was verified by restriction enzyme digestion and DNA sequencing. Then we gained recombinant virus particles in packaging cell HEK 293 and infected LNcap cell. The monoclonal LNcap cell strain stably expressed were obtained through puromycin screening. The mRNA level and protein level in the infected LNcap cell were detected by qRT-PCR and Western blot respectively. Results Restriction enzyme digestion and sequencing demonstrated that SOX9 cDNA was successfully cloned into pLVX-IRES-FLAG lentiviral vector. After the transfection to LNCaP cells, the monoclonal cell strain of stably expressed SOX9 were obtained by puromycin screening, which showed expression of SOX9 mRNA detected by qRT-PCR. Western blot analysis revealed that SOX9 protein expressed markedly. Conclusion The recombinant lentiviral vector bearing human SOX9 cDNA has been successfully constructed, and the exogenous expression of SOX9 in LNcap cells was achieved.

Relationship between BH3 mimetic S1 and expression of BCL-2 family members in acute myeloid leukemia / 中国实验血液学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>This study was to investigate the molecular biomarkers of apoptosis induced by BH3 mimetic S1 in human primary AML cells.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Mononuclear cells were isolated from 27 newly diagnosed AML samples. Apoptosis was analyzed by flow cytometry. IC(50) value of S1 on these samples was determined by XTT assay. The expression level of BCL-2 family members and phosphorylated BCL-2 were assessed by Western blot with subsequent semi-quantitatively densitometric analysis. XTT assay was performed to determine the cell viability of the combined use of S1 and MEK/ERK inhibitor PD98059. The interactions between BCL-2 and pro-apoptosis proteins were tested by co-immunoprecipitation.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The flow-cytometry detection showed that S1 induced the apoptosis of primary AML cells. Based on the responses, 27 primary samples could be classified into three groups: (1) a sensitive group (12 of 27 cases) with IC(50)<14 µmol/L, (2) an intermediate group (8 of 27 cases) with IC(50) of 14-30 µmol/L and (3) a resistant group (7 of 27 cases) with IC(50)>30 µmol/L. The ratio of pBCL-2/(BCL-2+MCL-1) showed a good linear correlation with the IC(50) values. (R(2) = 0.71, P < 0.0001). PD98059 suppressed BCL-2 phosphorylation. When PD98059 suppressed BCL-2 phosphorylation, the apoptotic rate of drug-resistant cells induced by S1 increased from 9.8% to 64.5% (combination index, CI = 0.4), accompanied by more dissociation of BCL-2 heterodimers.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The combination of S1 with PD98059 decrease pBCL-2 level of AML patients and inhibits of the anti-apoptotic function of BCL-2 through enhancing the dissociation of BCL-2 heterodimers.</p>

Determination of the interaction kinetics between meloxicam and β-cyclodextrin using the quantitative high-performance affinity chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry / 药学学报

The association rate constant and dissociation rate constant are important parameters of the drug-cyclodextrin supermolecule systems, which determine the dissociation of drugs from the complex and the further in vivo absorption of drugs. However, the current studies of drug-cyclodextrin interactions mostly focus on the thermodynamic parameter of equilibrium constants (K). In this paper, a method based on quantitative high performance affinity chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry was developed to determine the apparent dissociation rate constant (k(off,app)) of drug-cyclodextrin supermolecule systems. This method was employed to measure the k(off,app) of meloxicam and acetaminophen. Firstly, chromatographic peaks of drugs and non-retained solute (uracil) on β-cyclodextrin column at different flow rates were acquired, and the retention time and variance values were obtained via the fitting the peaks. Then, the plate heights of drugs (H(R)) and uracil (H(M,C)) were calculated. The plate height of theoretical non-retained solute (H(M,T)) was calculated based on the differences of diffusion coefficient and the stagnant mobile phase mass transfer between drugs and uracil. Finally, the k(off,app) was calculated from the slope of the regression equation between (H(R)-H(M,T)) and uk/(1+k)2, (0.13 ± 0.00) s(-1) and (4.83 ± 0.10) s(-1) for meloxicam and acetaminophen (control drug), respectively. In addition, the apparent association rate constant (k(on,app)) was also calculated through the product of K (12.53 L x mol(-1)) and k(off,app). In summary, it has been proved that the method established in our study was simple, efficiently fast and reproducible for investigation on the kinetics of drug-cyclodextrin interactions.

Clinical screening of patients with cerebral arteriosclerosis combined with vertebral artery abnormalies / 中国骨伤

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To explore the clinical screening and value of vertebral artery ultrasound, Transcranial doppler (TCD), Magnetic resonance angiography (MRA) and Computed tomography angiography (CTA) in the diagnosis of cerebral arteriosclerosis combined with vertebral artery abnormalies according to vertebral artery digital subtraction angiography (DSA).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>From January 2006 to September 2010, 186 patients with cerebral arteriosclerosis were retrospectively analyzed. Among the patients, 133 cases were males and 53 cases were females,ranged from 30 to 84 years (with a mean of 63.8 years). All the patients were estimated by DSA; 172 cases were estimated vertebral artery ultrasound and TCD; 53 cases were estimated by MRA; 25 cases were estimated by CTA. The positive results by DSA were seen as case group, while the negative results were seen as control group. The sensitivity, specificity and concordance rate among four groups were calculated.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The abnormality rate of vertebral artery with DSA, vertebral artery ultrasound, TCD, MRA and CTA separately was 50.00% (93/186), 30.81% (53/172), 49.42% (85/172),15.10% (8/53) and 40.00% (10/25). According to DSA standard, the sensitivity of vertebral artery ultrasound in diagnosing was 50.57%, the specificity was 89.41%, and concordance rate was 69.77%; while the sensitivity of TCD was 68.48%, the specificity was 72.50%, and concordance rate was 70.35%; the sensitivity of MRA was 21.43%, specificity was 92.00%, and concordance rate was 54.72%; the sensitivity of CTA was 63.64%,the specificity was 78.57%, and concordance rate was 72.00%.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The reasonable and combined application of vertebral artery ultrasound, TCD, MRA and CTA is helpful for diagnosing cerebral arteriosclerosis combined with vertebral artery abnormalies. For the patients with cerebrovascular disease, cervical massage technique should be paid highly attention, which may cause vertebral artery injury and other complications.</p>

Research on the methods for titrating respiratory syncytial virus / 中华实验和临床病毒学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is the most common cause of lower respiratory infection in infants. It is very important to quantitative assay of RSV titer in the study on RSV pathogenesis, candidate vaccine and antiviral treatment. Therefore, we develop Real-time Quantitative PCR (Q-PCR) assay and enzyme immunospots (EIS) for titrating RSV and compare them with traditional 50% tissue culture infectious doses (TCID50).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Q-PCR, based upon the RSV-L genes, and EIS were utilized to titrate samples from RSV culture supernatants and RSV infected mouse lungs. Then, the results were compared with TCID50.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>For the samples from RSV culture supernatants, the ratio of Q-PCR and EIS (plaque forming unit, pfu) was 10:1 and the ratio of EIS and TCID50 was 10:1 when TCID50 was converted as pfu. For the samples from RSV infected mouse lungs, the ratio of Q-PCR and EIS was 1000:1 and the ratio of EIS and TCID50 was 5:1.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>We have successfully established Q-PCR and EIS to titrate RSV and compared them with TCID50. We concluded EIS is a cost-effective method to titrate RSV.</p>

Prevalence and risk factors of organ failure in patients with severe acute pancreatitis / 世界急诊医学杂志（英文）

BACKGROUND: This study was undertaken to determine the prevalence of organ failure and its risk factors in patients with severe acute pancreatitis (SAP) . METHODS: A retrospective analysis was made of 186 patients with SAP who were had been hospitalized in the intensive care unit of Jinzhong First People's Hospital between March 2000 and October 2009. The patients met the diagnostic criteria of SAP set by the Surgical Society of the Chinese Medical Association in 2006. The variables collected included age, gender, etiology of SAP, the number of comorbidit, APACHEII score, contrast-enhanced CT (CECT) pancreatic necrosis, CT severity index (CTSI) , abdominal compartment syndrome (ACS) , the number of organ failure, and the number of death. The prevalence and mortality of organ failure were calculated. The variables were analyzed by unconditional multivariate logistic regression to determine the independent risk factors for organ failure in SAP. RESULTS: Of 186 patients, 96 had organ failure. In the 96 patients, 47 died. There was a significant association among the prevalence of organ failure and age, the number of comorbidity, APACHEII score, CECT pancreatic necrosis, CTSI, and ACS. An increase in age, the number of comorbidity, APACHEII score, CECT pancreatic necrosis were correlated with increased number of organ failure. Age, the number of comorbidity, APACHEII score, CECT pancreatic necrosis, CTSI and ACS were assessed by unconditional multivariate logistic regression. CONCLUSIONS: Organ failure occurred in 51.6％ of the 186 patients with SAP. The mortality of SAP with organ failure was 49.0％. Age, the number of comorbidity, APACHEII score, CECT pancreatic necrosis, CTSI and ACS are independent risk factors of organ failure.

Compound huangdai tablet as induction therapy for 193 patients with acute promyelocytic leukemia / 中华血液学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To report the results of curative and adverse effects of compound huangdai tablet (CHDT) as induction therapy for 193 patients with acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>CHDT was administered 1.25 g orally three times a day after meal for three days, then the dosage was gradually increased to 7.5 g/d.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>One hundred and ninety-three patients achieved complete remission (CR), 78.8% of whom in 30 to 60 days with an average time of 44.3 d. No serious infection, bleeding or DIC occurred during the treatment course. The major adverse effects were gastrointestinal symptoms. There was no change in lanine transaminase, urea, creatinine or electrocardiographic QTc interval in 110 APL patients observed before and after the treatment.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>CHDT therapy is a modality of higher CR rate, good safety and tolerance without bone marrow suppression for APL patients.</p>

Expression and purification of a secreted form of fusion glycoprotein of human respiratory syncytial virus encoded by recombinant baculovirus / 中华实验和临床病毒学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To study the expression and purification of a secreted form of fusion glycoprotein (sF) of human respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) encoded by recombinant baculovirus.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>According the ORF of F protein, a pair of specific primers was designed and PCR technique was exploited to amplify the gene of sF in which the gene sequence of the transmembrane and cytoplasmic tail domains were replaced by a C-terminal six-histidine tag. Then, a recombinant baculovirus encoding sF-His was constructed, and transfected into sf9 insect cells by Lipofectamine cellfectine reagent. Finally, the expressed sF was purified by Ni2+ -affinity chromatograph.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The gene encoding sF-His was obtained. The resulting construct of recombinant baculovirus is capable of expressing sF protein. The concentration of Ni2+ -affinity chromatograph purified sF is 1.084 mg/ml with the purity of no less than 90%.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Baculovirus expression system is a good method for large scale of preparation of sF. The purified F paves the way for the development of potential RSV vaccine and diagnostic kit, etc.</p>

A new trincallane derivative from Salacia hainanensis Chun et How / 药学学报

Chemical constituents of the roots and stem of Salacia hainanensis Chun et How were isolated and purified with column chromatography on silica gel, Sephadex LH-20 and preparative HPLC. Their structures were elucidated based on physicochemical and spectral spectroscopic analysis. Depending on the activities of anti-alpha-glucosidase and inhibiting AGEs (advanced glycation end products, AGEs) formation in vitro, nine compounds were identified as 26, 27-dihydroxy-7, 24-tirucalladien-3-one (1), abruslactone A (2), lupeol (3), 21alpha, 30-dihydroxy-D: A-friedooleanan-3-one (4), 15alpha-hydroxyfriedelan-3-one (5), friedelin (6), mangiferin (7), epicatechin (8) and beta-sitosterol (9), separately. Among them, compound 1 is a new compound, and compound 2 was isolated from the Salacia genus for the first time, while, compounds 3, 4, 5, 8 were obtained from this plant for the first time.

Anemia status and correlation factors in rural regions of Hebei province / 中华预防医学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate anemia status and correlation infection factors in rural regions of Hebei province and to find out evidence for preventing and controlling anemia.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>A random-sampling survey was conducted among 3367 houses in Hebei rural areas. The investigation involved economic levels, ages, education levels and occupations of 11,627 questionnaire. The hemoprotein and serum iron were measured. Unconditional logistic regression was performed.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The anemia prevalence rate was shown up to 8.4% in rural regions of Hebei province, and in men and women was 5.5% and 11.0%, respectively;mainly in infant (< 2 years old, 27.2%) child bearing age women, the anemia prevalence rate was 11.0%-16.0%. The analysis showed that the main risk factors of anemia were sex and serum iron.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The anemia prevalence is highest in infant and child bearing age women;supplying of iron should be an important measure for preventing and controlling anemia.</p>

A case-control study on risk factor of Kaposi's sarcoma in Xinjiang / 中华流行病学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To analyse related risk factors of classic Kaposi' s sarcoma in Xinjiang.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>A 1:4 case-control study was used and the conditional logistic regression model was performed in this study. Cases were followed up in Xinjiang while controls were selected by the same sex, nation and age within 5 years with cases.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Interleukin-6,vascular endothelial growth factor, beta-MG, neopterin, human herpevirus 8, were found to be associated with Kaposi's sarcoma risk in one-way variance model while beta2 -MG and human herpevirus 8 entered the multiple conditional logistic regression model, and their ORs were 1.002(95%CI: 1.000-1.003), 81.041 (95%CI: 1.790-3669.620).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>There was a correlate relationship between beta2 -MG and classic Kaposi's sarcoma being found that human herpevirus 8 exposure related factors seemed to have played important roles on classic Kaposi's sarcoma in Xinjiang.</p>

Reliability of an improved measurement system used in three-dimensional reconstruction of stomatognathic system by cutting and scanning layer-by-layer / 华西口腔医学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To reconstruct 3D shape of edentulous jaw by using improved measurement system and to analyze the precision of this method.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Standard edentulous jaw models were measured with a improved measurement system by cutting and scanning layer-by-layer, and the 3D shape of the models was reconstructed by image processing with specialty software. Ten cubic plaster modes were reconstructed by the same way, data of every border before and after reconstruction were measured and analyzed.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Data of edentulous jaw models were obtained. The errors in ten cubic before and after reconstruction were not significantly different (P > 0.05), data measured in horizontal plane were not significantly different (P > 0.05), and data measured in altitude direction were significantly different (P < 0.01), data measured after reconstruction were less than before, the error was (0.09 +/- 0.08) mm.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The improved cutting and scanning measurement system can be fit for the 3D reconstruction of stomatognathic system with high precision.</p>